09 June 2004 11:04
UNHCR: UNHCR Kyrgyzstan uses all tools to secure refugees future
ISLAMABAD, June 09 PPI As Kyrgyzstan struggled to emerge from the wreckage of the Soviet Union, it had to cope also
with refugees from two wars that ravaged other countries in the region. According to a press note, Now, to flexibility
from the governments of both Kyrgyzstan and Canada, there is a good chance that the refugee problems that still beset
their neighbours will be largely solved by the end of the current year. Most of the remaining 650 Afghans who found
refuge in Kyrgyzstan from the decades of war in their homeland - and were unlikely to ever find it safe to return, often
because of past associations with the Soviet-backed government there - have been accepted by Canada for resettlement and
will be leaving to start new lives there in the next few months. "We think at the end of the year we will have 150
Afghans left here," said James Lynch, head of the UN refugee agency office in Kyrgyzstan, who had brought the
situation to the attention of Canadian immigration officials based in Moscow. "Then the Kyrgyz government will
re-examine those cases. Some refugees might opt for voluntary repatriation and after that the residual caseload can
apply for Kyrgyz citizenship." At the same time, most of the remaining 5,000 refugees from the civil war that
convulsed neighbouring Tajikistan after the disintegration of the Soviet Union - largely ethnic Kyrgyz who do not want
to return to the country where their ancestors moved decades ago - are expected to be granted full local citizenship
later this year. Kyrgyz Prime Minister Nikolay Tanayev signed instructions late last month to implement simplified
naturalization procedures agreed under the Bilateral Agreement between Kyrgyzstan and neighbouring Tajikistan that was
accepted 18 months ago. Now that the agreement's implementation has been clarified, the UN refugee agency expects
that most of the remaining ethnic Kyrgyz will be joining more than 4,000 refugees from Tajikistan who have already
received citizenship under earlier government decisions, often at formal ceremonies with senior state leaders. "It
should now move at a rapid rate," Lynch said at the UNHCR office in the capital Bishkek, pleased at one of the rare
cases of local integration in a world where host governments normally rule out the granting of citizenship. "We
already have developed a network of legal and refugee NGOs to help each family with its citizenship application. We
expect only a small residual population in 2005." The release of the recently signed instructions is expected over
the coming months to considerably relieve the bureaucratic bottlenecks that have sometimes slowed the citizenship
application process. UNHCR recently printed and Districtributed more than 2,000 citizenship applications to offices that
might be approached by refugees seeking citizenship information under the government's newly expedited guidelines.
Last Friday, 35 Tajik ethnic Kyrgyz refugees received Kyrgyz citizenship and passports in a ceremony held in Dom Kultury
in the country's Tokmok region. The ceremony was led by the region's deputy government and other senior
national and regional officials, as well as UNHCR staff. Meanwhile, use of the local integration option and resettlement
to Canada following the repatriation of more than 7,000 other refugees back to Tajikistan and a few Afghans to their
homeland, has meant that UNHCR's team in Kyrgyzstan has made full use of all three of the "durable
solutions" the UN refugee agency advocates. The largest task for UNHCR has been helping the refugees from
Tajikistan's 1992-97 civil war, with the repatriation leaving mainly ethnic Kyrgyz who said they do not want to
return and would like to become citizens of Kyrgyzstan. "We came to Kyrgyzstan and don't want to return,"
said Razyk Maksudov, the 69-year-old patriarch of an extended family living in a small house in Ivanovka, a town east of
the capital where many of the refugees are living. "We lost our son in the war there and don't want to go
back." His family is among those awaiting the government go-ahead to receive citizenship. Others in the town have
already acquired their new nationality under previous laws that granted citizenship to various categories of refugees
who arrived early in the Tajikistan civil war. The Kyrgyz non-governmental organisation Sairon, which had been supported
by UNHCR since its foundation in 1999, has been helping the refugees - both those already given citizenship and those
awaiting the step - to integrate into the local communities. "When the refugees first arrived there was a
perception 'they would eat our bread and live on our land'," said Vakhobjon Rasulov, the 37-year-old head
of Sairon and himself a former refugee from Tajikistan. Those initial fears were overcome, he said, largely through
UNHCR making clear to the community that it was there to help and the burden of receiving the refugees would not fall on
the local population. It's now been over 10 years since the first refugees arrived and they have proved to be hard
workers," Rasulov said at their headquarters in Ivanovka. "They have provided their contribution to the
economy." Such a solution was never likely for the Afghans. None has been locally integrated so far and few have
returned. Some were students in Kyrgyzstan when war raged against Soviet forces in Afghanistan in the 1980s, others were
associated with the leftist Najibullah government that was overthrown in 1992 and a final wave fled when the Taliban
seized Kabul in 1996. The process has raised hopes now of a similar solution elsewhere in the Central Asia region, where
there are also refugee populations - often well educated - who are unlikely to repatriate. Canadian diplomats are
expected to arrive in Tajikistan soon to see if the Afghan refugees there might also soon be on their way to new
lives.
(THROUGH ASIA PULSE)
[Pakistan Press International Information Services Limited] |
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